Using Egyptian Engineering Techniques construction either of temples or of pyramids was a continuous process.The stone blocks were cut from quarries, such as Saqqara, Giza, and Dashur. They were marked out with just enough space for workers to stand between them.

Engineering Techniques

Some information about the techniques used to cut and refine the limestone or granite boulders is obtained from tomb paintings. Workers used copper saws, drills, pickaxes and chisels and granite hammers.

After cutting stones, they were moved down the Nile on large wooden barges and then transported to the site on large wooden sledges pulled by hundreds of men or oxen. The sledges were pulled along a path made slick with Nile mud or by wetting the sand, which made it easier to move the heavy blocks.

The ancient Egyptians used several different types of ramps, both internal and external to the pyramid, to drag the huge stones into place. They probably used wooden and bronze levers to move the blocks into position.

Arithmetic Techniques

Arithmetic techniques were used for organising labour and trade and Geometry was used for construction purposes. Obelisks were a prominent part of the architecture of the ancient Egyptians, who placed them in pairs at the entrances of temples.

The Ancient Egyptians had a knowledge to some extent of sail construction. This is governed by the science of aerodynamics. The earliest Egyptian sails were simply placed to catch the wind and push a vessel.

Ship building prevailed. Egyptian knowledge of glass making was advanced. The earliest known glass beads from Egypt were produced in a variety of colours. The Egyptians were a practical people and this is reflected in their astronomy.

Those exploring fringe theories of ancient technology have suggested that there were electric lights used in Ancient Egypt. Engineers have constructed a working model based on their interpretation of a relief found in the Hathor temple at the Dendera Temple complex.